Methods to select produced water treatment technologies in oil and gas industry
Abstract
Associated produced water is the largest volume waste generated in the upstream oil and gas industry, and may greatly affect the marine environment and ecosystems on land. Produced water treatment technologies worldwide have continually been improved to further enhance the efficiency of this toxic waste treatment. This article analyses the different produced water treatment systems currently being studied and developed, through description of their advantages and disadvantages as well as the scope and field of their application. The efficiency and quality of water treatment technologies are examined using a five-level hierarchical analysis method. This hierarchical scheme is the careful selection of treatment technologies and the determination of treatment criteria to be achieved.
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