A two-phase model for the development of positive surface discharge in air
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the simulation of positive surface discharge - a frequently encountered phenomenon in high voltage electrical equipment. The development of a filamentary positive surface discharge in air is simulated using the hydrodynamic drift-diffusion approximation. The model consists of a set of continuity equations accounting for the movement, generation and loss of charge carriers (electrons, positive and negative ions). The continuity equations are coupled with Poisson's equation to take into account the effect of space charge on the electric field.
The discharge is separated into two phases: the axial propagation of a streamer in the gas gap between a needle electrode and an insulator in phase I and the radial development of the streamer along the dielectric surface in phase II. The first phase is simulated in 2D axial symmetry using the finite element method. In phase II, the streamer is assumed to occupy a cylindrical channel of fixed radius and is solved in 1D using the accurate finite-volume flux-corrected transport algorithm. It is found that the streamer dynamics are strongly governed by the electric field created by the dielectric barrier. Comparisons between simulation results and experimental measurements are also made.
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